THE WARDENCLYFFE TOWER
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The Wardenclyffe Tower was built by “The Man Who Invented the 20th Century” Nikola Tesla as the first telecommunications tower, but mainly as a demonstration that it is possible to send energy without the connection of wires. The accompanying building was designed by Stanford White, a wealthy and famous architect of the time. The tower was named after James S. Warden, the man who contributed 200 acres to the project. The initial funding was provided by John Pierpont Morgan who contributed $ 150,000 (which in 2010 dollars would be $ 3,878,091) but more funding was found by other benefactors, the second biggest benefactor being John Jacob Astor. Nikola Tesla began planning the tower in 1898 and began building in 1901. The tower was designed by W D Crow, who was an associate of White. In June 1902 Tesla Moved his laboratory from Houston Street to the tower, because of his tight personal financial situation. The tower was to have been completed by 1903 but was still nonfunctional due to several last-minute changes in design (it was functional to the extent of lighting a light bulb up to 2 miles away). Around this time he talked to a radio operator across the pacific ocean. However a rumor was started that the energy consumption from the outside, could not be measured, thus anyone could receive energy from it without being detected and Morgan, saw no reason for providing free energy to everyone and he then withdrew his funding and over a period of time, convinced the other benefactors to do the same. By July 1904 all benefactors had cut their funding for the building of the facility. With no funding Tesla looked for other Benefactors but met with little to no success. In May 1905 Tesla’s patents on alternating current motors and other methods of power transmission expired, halting royalty payments and leaving him with almost no funding. By 1905 most activity of the site had to be shut down, employees were laid off then but parts of the building remained in use until 1907, but by 1908 the mortgage was foreclosed. But Tesla procured a new mortgage from George C. Boldt, proprietor of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, but the tower was partially abandoned around 1911. Between 1912 and 1915, Tesla’s finances unraveled, and he was asked how he would repay the benefactors and could give no satisfactory answer. He had fallen into a depression at this time because a fire had destroyed most of his instruments and notes at his apartment. In 1915, legal ownership of the Wardenclyffe property was transferred to George Boldt of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel for a $20,000 debt (about $400,000 in 2010 dollars). In September 1917, (during World War I) the government feared that the tower was being used as a reference point for German submarines, and acting on this, blew up the tower with dynamite. George Boldt wished to make the property available for sale, On April 20, 1922 Tesla lost an appeal of judgment versus his backers in the second foreclosure, This kept him from any further work on the tower.
On February 14, 1967, the nonprofit public benefit corporation Brookhaven Town Historical Trust was established. It selected the Wardenclyffe Tower to be designated as a historic site and as the first site to be preserved by the Trust on March 3, 1967. On July 7, 1976, a plaque from Yugoslavia was installed by representatives from Brookhaven National Laboratory, it said:
IN THIS BUILDING
DESIGNED BY STANFORD WHITE, ARCHITECT
NIKOLA TESLA
BORN SMILJAN, YUGOSLAVIA 1856—DIED NEW YORK, U.S.A. 1943
CONSTRUCTED IN 1901-1905 WARDENCLYFFE
HUGE RADIO STATION WITH ANTENNA TOWER
187 FEET HIGH /DESTROYED 1917/, WHICH
WAS TO HAVE SERVED AS HIS FIRST WORLD
COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM.
IN MEMORY OF 120TH ANNIVERSARY OF TESLA’S BIRTH
AND 200TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE U.S.A. INDEPENDENCE
July 10, 19760
The plaque was stolen from the land in November, 2009 and an anonymous benefactor is even now offering a $ 2,000 reward for it’s return. The Tesla Wardenclyffe Project, Inc. was established in 1994 for the purpose of having the Wardenclyffe Tower placed in the national register of historic places, a attempt had been made earlier, but was rejected. Designation of the structure as a National Landmark is awaiting completion of plant decommissioning activities by AGFA corporation (its present owner).
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“The glow retreats, done is the day of toil;
It yonder hastes, new fields of life exploring;
Ah, that no wing can lift me from the soil
Upon its track to follow, follow soaring!
A glorious dream! though now the glories fade.
Alas! the wings that lift the mind no aid
Of wings to lift the body can bequeath me.” – Nikola Tesla